Review Study Guide

5 Themes of Geography: Region, place, location, movement, Human-Environment Interaction.

3 Types of Maps: Thematic, Political, Physical.

Why are the Kunlun Mountains important to China? Because they are the source of two of china's great rivers, the Huang He (yellow river) and the Chang Jiang (yangtze).

What is the approximate size of the Gobi Desert? 5 hundred thousand square miles.

What are some of the important islands to the country? Hainan,  part of Hong Kong.

Why are China's three river systems so important to the country? They provide transportation, irrigation, and hydroelectric power.

In which latitude and climate zones is most of China's productive agricultural land located? Humid Continental

What landforms make up the dry zones? Steppes and Deserts.

What two factors affect vegetation and temperature in the highland climate? Latitude and elevation.

What are some benefits of the Three Gorges Dam? Allow ships to sail further into China, generate hydroelectric power, and to prevent more flooding.

What are some drawbacks of the dam? Cost money, hundreds of square miles of land will be put underwater and if that happens factories submerged would probably leak chemicals into the water.

What are some of the ways in which the Japanese have adapted to living in a crowded space? Rooms are separated but sliding screen and people sleep on thin mattresses and they are stored during the day. It is also common for a family of four to live in one room apartments

Why did Shi Huangdi build a wall in northern China? He built it to protect them from the Barbarians.

How was China governed in its early history? Dynasty

What are some achievements China made in its early history? Great wall of China.

When did Europeans begin exploration of China? During the 13th century.

How was Europe able to gain access to Chinese markets in the 19th century? The Europeans forced China to sign a series of treaties taking advantage of their weak military and government.

Which political group has held considerable power in China for the last 50 years? The Communist Part.

What did the Communists party want for China's economy? They wanted to modernize China by encouraging the growth of industry.

At what point did China's economy begin to grow more rapidly? The 1980s

Where does most agriculture occur in China? Southern and Eastern basin.

Where does China get the resources that fuel the industrial economy? The heartland of China.

What item is especially popular as an export to the United States? Textiles

Name two important Chinese inventions. Typewriter,  Paper,  gun powder.

What are the predominant religions in China? Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism.

What is China's population? 1.3 Billion as of 2013

What animal was especially important to the Mongols? Horse.

What did Genghis Khan's name mean? Supreme Conqueror

Who controlled Mongolia in the 18th and 19th century? China

Which country has had the most influence and control in Taiwan? China

How is Mongolia's current economy different from its historical practices? Mongolia has shifted from primarily herding livestock to a market economy.

What is an economic tiger? A nation that has a rapid economic growth due to cheap labor, high technology, and aggressive exports.

Why might foreign companies want to work with Taiwanese companies? Because it is one of the most prosperous economies of the western pacific and it trades with many countries.

What industry is most successful in Taiwan? Technology.

What traditional influences can be seen in daily life in Mongolia? Herding from nomads and yurts.

Do most Americans live in rural areas like people in Mongolia or urban areas like the people in Taiwan? Urban like Taiwan.

When did Little League become popular in Taiwan? After World War II

What bodies of water surround Korea? Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan.

What natural features influenced the settlement of Korea? Bodies of water surrounding the nation (peninsula isolation) and mountains.

What action have both Korean countries taken since World War II? They both built up huge armies.

What significant event occurred in 200? Both countries held a summit meeting in which they declared the intentions of reuniting. They also marched together in the Olympics held by Sydney Australia.

What type of economy did both North and South Korea have prior to the Korean War? Agriculture.

How are North and South Korea's economies different today? North Korea has natural resources and raw materials and South Korea has large industrial and technological based economy.

Which Korean country has a larger population? South

Which country did Dennis Rodman visit? North Korea

From where did the original inhabitants of Japan mostly come? The South Pacific, Siberia and Korea.

For whom did the Yamato clan claim descent? From the sun goddess.

For whom did the samurai work? Landowners and clan chiefs.

Where do most Japanese people live within Japan? In Urban cities.

Which island of Japan is considered the main island? Honshu

How is Japan able to manufacture many items for trade without natural resources? They receive imports of natural resources needed to manufacture.

How has Japan's economy recently changed? Their economy began to slow down, companies scaled back and some went bankrupt.

Which city is an excellent example of traditional Japanese culture? Kyoto

What do the Japanese believe is important in designing buildings? Harmony between buildings and its natural surroundings.

How does the Japanese school system compare with American education? Students attend school six days a week. They have a shorter summer vacation than American students. They attend six years of elementary school, and three years of j-high.

What are private college preparatory schools called in Japan? Juku

What two problems are the Japanese attempting to address in the future? Pollution and long work day/short vacations.

What are some examples of traditional Japanese culture? Traditional drama called Noh, and Japanese artworks like scrolls, ink paintings and block-prints.

How did the Western world influence Japan beginning in the 19th century? Since 1853 when Commodore Perry sailed his fleet into Tokyo Bay.

Main Idea Questions pg. 658

1. In what ways has China influenced other cultures in the region?
China has influenced Japanese language, culture, religion, and buildings.

2. How is China able to feed its enormous population?
Trade and high agriculture rates.


3. What are some of the basic beliefs of Confucianism?
Respect for the past and for one's ancestors, orderly society, children should obey their parents, and  parents should obey the government and emperor.


4. What kind of economy does Mongolia have, an what activity is at its core?
Mongolia still engages in herding and managing livestock; the economy was based on the nomadic herding of sheep, goats, camels, horses, and cattle.


5. What kind of economy does Taiwan have?
Taiwan's economy is based on its strong manufacturing industries and its trade with other nations.


6. Why did North Korea become a communist state and South Korea a democracy?
After the Korean War, the communist state of North Korea and the democratic country of South Korea remained hostile toward each other, but since 2000, they have taken small steps towards reunification.


7. Why is South Korea considered an economic tiger?
It is a highly successful and competitive economy.

8. Why did Japan emerge onto the world scene in 19th century?
During the late 19th century, Japan's government began bringing Japan into the modern age.

9. Why is the city of Kyoto Japan important?
The city of Kyoto is a monument to Japanese culture. The city contains Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines built of wood in the old style. The entire city is a living testament to Japanese ideas of beauty.

10. Where does Japan get its resources, and how does it use them in its industries?
Japan gets most of its resources by the global market; Japan uses these resources for mostly exports.

Main Ideas 1-10 pg. 672

1. What causes an earthquake? 
It is part of the Ring of Fire: A Chain of volcanoes that line the pacific rim.
2. Why are the Japanese islands so unstable?
Because of the shifting plates.
3. What are some Japanese organizations that help prepare for disasters?
Japanese Red Cross Society and the Asia Pacific Disaster Management Center.
4. What effect did Western nations have on economic development in East Asia? 
 Europe signed treaties that gave them some influence on the East.
5. What is the connection between industrialization and globalization? 

 East Asia used and shared theirs and other countries resources to help the industrial economy. When they did this they eventually began a global economy.

6. What are some of the things that went wrong in economics of the region. 

Debt and mismanagement.
7. What are some examples of the stress that population growth puts on the environment?
 The high demand for food and bad sanitization.
8. What are some effective ways to manage population growth. 
Family planing programs.
9. How developed was East Asia in the middle of the 20th century? 
 In the middle of the 20th century East Asia ranked among the least developed countries in the world.
10. How had East Asia changed by the beginning of the 21st century? 
They improved so much that their economy is better as well as their life expectancy.

Chapter 28 section 3

Chapter 28 Section 3                                                                                       McKenna


I) A Divided  Peninsula 
 a) Ancient Korea And Foreign Influences
   1. The ancestors of today's Koreans probably migrated into the peninsula of Manchuria and North China many thousands of years ago.
   2. Over the course of the centuries, different clans or groups controlled different pets of the country.
   3. China conquered the northern half of the peninsula.
II) Influences on Korean Culture
 a) The Chinese Influence 
   1. Korea adopted the religions, confucianism and buddhism from China.
   2. And in result, Korea has influenced its neighbors as well, Buddhism spread from Korea to Japan.
III) Moving Toward Unity 
 a) An Armed Society 
   1. After World War II, both North Korea and South Korea built up huge armies.
   2. The armed forces of South Korea numbered at more that 600,000 soldiers and sailors.
   3. Both countries have existed with the threat of war for many years.
   4. Only recently has there been an attempt to defuse the situation.
b) A Single Flag
   1. In June 2000, the leaders of both Koreas held a summit meeting at which they declared their intention to reunite the two countries.
   2. They agreed to discuss clearing land mines so they could rebuild a rail link between the two countries.
IV) Economic and Human Resources
 a) Economic Patterns 
   1. If North and South Korea do end up reuniting, they will form an economic powerhouse.
   2. North Korea will be able to provide natural resources and raw materials for South Korea's industries.
   3. South Korea will provide great trading economically.
  b) Population Patterns 
   1. Most of the people in Korea live on the plains along the coast or in river valleys among the mountains of the peninsula.
   2. Seoul is by far the largest city in South Korea, its population is over 10 million.
   3. P'yongyang is the largest city in North Korea , its population is over 2.5 million.

Summary: Korea is made up of a Peninsula, these countries shape and ironically shaped its history.
The shadow cast by China has fallen across the Korean peninsula. Korean culture, including art and religion, shows this influence. The most important and recent development in the Korea's is the movement toward uniting the countries. There would definitely be obstacles both countries has, being that North Korea is Communist and South Korea is democratic.

Chapter 28 Section 2

I) A History of Nomads and Traders
 a. The Mongolian Empires
   1. The Mongols were nomadic herders for thousands of years.
   2. Mongol history was changed forever by Genghis Kahn, a title that means "supreme conqueror."
   3. Genghis Kahn died in 1227, having conquered all of Central Asia and begun the conquest of    China.
   4. The Mongol Empire broke up in the 1300s.
   5. Under the effluence of its powerful neighbor Russia, Mongolia became the Mongolian People's Republic in 1924.
 b. Taiwan's link to China
   1. The Island of Taiwan experienced many prehistoric migrations from southern China and southeast Asia.
   2. Malay and Polynesian peoples also settled there.
   3. Over the centuries, other settlers and groups of people also settled there.
 II) Cultures of Mongolia and Taiwan
 a. Mongolia
   1. Mongolia has both ruled and been ruled by China.
   2. Kublai Khan was the Mongol Emperor of China when Marco Polo visited in the 13th century.
   3. In the mid-14th century, the Chinese rose up against their Mongol rulers and drove them out of China.
a. Economic Prospects For Mongolia
   1. A large part of the population of Mongolia still engages in herding and managing livestock.
   2. For centuries, the economy was based on the nomadic herding of sheep, goats, camels, horses, and cattle.
   3. Animals and animal products are used for domestic consumption as well as for export.
   4. Under the communist government, the state owned and operated most of the factories in the country.
   5. Mongolia has large deposits of fuels such as coal, petroleum, copper, gold and iron.
 b. Taiwans Economic Success
   1. Taiwan has one of the world's most successful economies.
   2. An economic tiger is a nation that has rapid economic growth due to cheap labor, high technology, and aggressive exports.
   3. Pacific Rim is the countries surrounding the Pacific Ocean.
IV) Daily Life in Mongolia and Taiwan
a. Herding In Mongolia
   1. The climate is very extreme, long, cold winters lasting six months alternate with short, hot summers of only two months.
b. Western Influences In Taiwan
   1. Baseball has become popular in Taiwan and in other parts of of Asia, one in particular, Japan.
   2. Little League became popular after World War II.
 

Summary: The History of Mongolia and Taiwan have been closely connected to China.
China is a cultural trend setter if you will, that has influenced its neighbor countries. It has invented many important things that has shaped Mongolia and Taiwan and the rest of the region. The economies of Mongolia and Taiwan have been raising livestock, which is the core of the Mongolian economy and a part of the nomadic life. Taiwan is one of the economic tigers of the region because of its great trade economy. The daily life has a great mix of traditional influences and modern influences making it very diverse.

Review

1) Why did Shi Huangdi build a wall in northern China? 
To close gaps between smaller walls.

2) How was China governed in its early history? 
China started with dynasties before becoming Communist.

3) What are some achievements China made in its early history?
The Qin dynasty gave China its name.

4) When did Europeans begin exploration of China?
 The 13th century with Marco Polo.

5) How was Europe able to gain access to Chinese markets in the 19th century? 
The Chinese government and military was weak, when they sought power.

6) Which political group has held considerable power in China for the last 50 years?
The Communists.

7) What did the Communist party want for China's economy?

 They wanted to move toward industrialism.

8) Where does China get the resources that fuel the industrial economy?
 Shanghai is the leading center of manufacturing along with Beijing and Tianjin.

9) What item is especially popular as an export to the U.S.
Textiles.

10) Name two important Chinese inventions?
Paper and printing.

11) What are the predominant religions of China? 
Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism.

12) What is China's population?
1.357 Billion (as of 2013)

Africa Review

1) What are the five sub-regions of Africa? 

North, West, South, East and Central Africa. 

2) Why is East Africa known as the cradle of humanity?

Because this is believed to be where the start of the earth was.

3) What were some early civilizations of East Africa?  What was their economy based on? Askumi, Kilwa are some of the early civilization of East Africa. Trade.

4) What was the Berlin Conference?  Why - particularly - did it happen? The Berlin Conference divided Africa. There were a lot of wars over who does or should own what land.

5) How did colonization cause conflicts in East Africa after independence? Colonization caused conflicts in East Africa after independence by Europeans placed border that paid little attention to groups in Africa.

6) Why are Liberia and Ethiopia important?  Those were the only two countries that remained free from colonization.

7) What are some cash crops of East Africa? Coffee, sugar, and tea. 

8) What is East Africa's most critical health-care problem? AIDS.

9) Name two ancient empires of North Africa? Carthage and the Nile

10) What practices did the world acquire from Ancient Egypt? Farming and Building. 

11) What North Africa countries have had the economies transformed by oil? Algeria, Libya, and Tunisia. 

12) What is Rai? A kind of music developed in the 1920s by poor urban children. 

13) Discuss the changing roles of women in North Africa? Well the women there didn't have much freedom, because the man of the house was in charge of them, but through the years they are getting more and more freedom. 

14) Why is Goree Island important? The island served as one of the busiest points of slave trade. 

15) List three trading empires of West Africa?  What did they trade? Ghana, Mali, and Songhai. Gold and Salt. 

16) What is a stateless society?  How has West Africa's traditional stateless societies caused problems after colonization? A society in which people rely on family lineages to govern.

17) What are some roadblocks to economic development in West Africa? Colonialism.

18) Discuss West African music. Traditional African music is a blend of american forms of jazz, blues, and reggae.

19) What is Bantu important? Is a group of peoples and cultures who speak one of the Bantu languages. 

20) What was Sao Tome established for? Slave trade post.

21) Who was King Leopold II?  Why was he important? King of Belgium, first showed interest in Africa, starting the Berlin Conference. 
Problems for ethnic groups, government instability, and lack of resources.

22) What are the lasting effects of colonialism in Central Africa? Still recovering from the loss of recourses, the disruption of its political systems, and the cultural and ethnic oppression of its people. 

23) What major problems does Central Africa have in education? A shortage of trained teachers, a high dropout rate, and a shortage of secondary schools. 

24) Who ended the apartheid in South Africa? Nelson Mandela

25) How does modern Johannesburg reflect the problems created by the apartheid Developed into two different cities because of their laws about the blacks.